Networks Horizon

Timers, Update, Message Types and States of various protocols

Timers

Protocol	Hello/Keepalive timer	Dead/Hold timer	Other info
EIGRP	5 sec in shared broadcast(LAN)/60 sec in other networks	3 times=3x hello timer	60 sec for all networks greater than T1 capacity includes LAN
OSPF	10 sec in Broadcast, Point-to-Point network/30 sec in other networks	4 times=4xhello timer
BGP	60 sec in all type of network	3 times=180 sec
RIP2	30 sec(request message)	180 sec=invalid timer 240 sec=flush timer
HSRP	3 sec	10 sec

Updates 

Protocol	Updates	Other info
EIGRP	Triggered only	In case of network change
OSPF	Triggered and periodic in 30 mins	Triggered and periodic
BGP	5 sec in iBGP 30 sec in eBGP	triggered and incremental after update timer.
RIP2	30 sec periodic	Regular interval

Message Types

EIGRP	OSPF	RIP2	BGP	HSRP
Hello	Hello	Request(Hello)	Open	Hello
Update	DBD	Response(Update)	Keepalive	Coup
Query	LSRequest		Update	Resign
Reply	LSU		Notification
Ack	LSAck
	LSRefresh

Protocol States

EIGRP	OSPF	BGP	RIP2	HSRP	FRAME RELAY
Passive = means that a router has a successor for a route.	Down	Idle		Initial	Active
Actove =means that a router does not have a successor or feasible successor for a route and is actively sending queries to neighbors to get information about the route	Init	Active		Learn	Inactive
	Attempt	Open sent		Listen	Deleted
	2-way	Open confirmed		Speak
	Extart	Established		Standby
	Exchange			Active
	Load
	Full

Other details

HSRP

HSRP uses UDP port 1985 and multicast address 224.0.0.2 for sending updates

RIP and RIP2

RIPv2 uses UDP port 520 and multicast address 224.0.0.9 for sending updates

RIP v1 broadcast by default.

BGP

BGP uses UDP port 179 and only unicast.

EIGRP

EIGRP uses multicast address 224.0.0.10 for sending updates

OSPF

DR to non-DR updates uses multicast address 224.0.0.5

Non-DR to DR updates uses multicast address 224.0.0.6

LDP(Label Distribution Protocol)

LDP uses UDP for sending hello(discovery) messages and rely on TCP to ensure reliable and in-order delivery of label messages. It uses UDP/TCP port 646. It uses multicast address 224.0.0.2 for updates like HSRP